Phenotypic Characterization of Common Bean Landraces from Eastern Bhutan and their Potential Use

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Karma Tenzin, Kezang Lhadon, Loday Phuntsho and Yeshi Lhadon 

ABSTRACT

Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important leguminous crops which have global adaptability and phenotypic diversity. It is also used for human consumption worldwide. It constitutes major source of protein, complex carbohydrates and micronutrients. In Bhutan, diverse types of beans are found and are an important source of income and food security for large section of the society. However, not many studies have been carried out to document the characteristics of this diverse crop. Hence, phenotypic characterization of local germplasm from eastern Bhutan was carried out to conserve the existing rich germplasm and exploit them for potential use in future. Out of more than fiftytwo accessions, fifteen were selected and on-station field trial was established using randomized complete block design with three replications to assess phenotypic characteristics. Phenotypic characteristics were recorded following the UPOV standards. As expected, significant phenotypic variation was observed between determinate and indeterminate types regarding number of pods per plant, yield per plant and weight of dried seeds. The accessions also differed considerably in terms of seed weight. The cluster analysis based on 14 parameters allowed identification of beans into two large groups and four sub-groups. In terms of yield, accessions 24 and 27 recorded significantly higher yield than the others.

KEYWORD:

Common Bean; Phenotypic characteristics; Eastern Bhutan; Potential use

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